REMEMBERING A TRAILBLAZER: The Legacy of Joe Gilliam, Pioneering Black Quarterback and Two-Time Super Bowl Champion with the Pittsburgh Steelers

 

Joe Gilliam’s name may not echo as loudly as some of his peers in NFL history books, but his impact on the game — and on American sports culture — is undeniable. As one of the first Black quarterbacks in the National Football League, Gilliam broke barriers and redefined what was possible for future generations under center.

 

Drafted in the 11th round of the 1972 NFL Draft by the Pittsburgh Steelers out of Tennessee State University, Gilliam arrived in the league with a rocket arm, keen football intellect, and unshakable composure. In 1974, he made history by starting the first six games of the season — a rare feat for a Black quarterback at the time. With Gilliam at the helm, the Steelers surged to a 4-1-1 record, displaying a dynamic passing attack that complemented their bruising defense.

 

Although Terry Bradshaw would eventually take over the starting job that season, Gilliam’s contributions were far from forgotten. He earned two Super Bowl rings (IX and X) with the Steelers, becoming a part of the franchise’s foundational dynasty that would dominate the decade.

 

Nicknamed “Jefferson Street Joe” after the street that ran through Tennessee State, Gilliam’s rise symbolized the long-overdue opportunity for Black athletes to play leadership positions in professional football. Off the field, his journey was marred by struggles with substance abuse, and he faced setbacks after his NFL career. Yet, his courage and trailblazing spirit left an indelible mark.

 

Gilliam passed away from a heart attack on December 25, 2000, at the age of 49. Today, his story serves as a testament to perseverance, talent, and the ongoing fight for equity in sports. The NFL — and countless quarterbacks who followed — owe a debt of gratitude to Joe Gilliam.